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Monkey Punch Note

integrate v. 融入、整合​

这个词是动词,中文意思是“融入、整合”。在音频里,句子是:“We thought that the toy looking like a monkey might help Punch integrate back into the troop later on.”这里,“integrate”表示帮助Punch重新融入猴群,也就是让他成为群体的一部分。平时我们也会用“integrate”来形容不同文化、系统或者人群的融合,比如“The new students found it hard to integrate into the school community.”衍生词有“integration”,表示“整合”这个过程,比如“Cultural integration is important in diverse societies.”近义词有“incorporate”,都含有“合并、融合”的意思,但“integrate”更强调成为整体的一部分。

integration n. 融合、整合​

incorporate v. 合并、融合​

surge n./v. 激增、猛涨​

它是名词或动词,中文意思是“激增、猛涨”。音频中说:“In recent days, the zoo has experienced a surge of visitors hoping to catch a glimpse of Punch.”这里,surge指的是访客数量突然大幅增加。我们也常用“surge”描述情绪或能量的突然爆发,比如“The crowd felt a surge of excitement.”作为动词时,可以说“Electricity surged through the wires.”表示电流猛增。

crops n. 农作物、庄稼​

它是名词,意思是“农作物、庄稼”。文中提到:“Macaques were culled in Japan because of their habit of raiding crops.”这里,“crops”指的是被猴子偷吃或者破坏的农作物。这个词常用于农业相关的话题,比如“Farmers rely on good weather to grow healthy crops.”近义词有“harvest”,但“harvest”更强调收获的动作,而“crops”指的是种植的植物本身。

harvest n. 收获、收割​

viral adj.病毒性的,迅速传播的​

它是形容词,中文是“病毒性的,迅速传播的”。音频说:“videos of him being bullied by other monkeys… went viral last week.”这里“viral”形容视频像病毒一样快速传播开来。现在这个词在网络语言中很常见,比如“A funny meme went viral on social media.”除了网络用法,“viral”还可以表示与病毒相关,比如“viral infection”(病毒感染)。

viral infection n. 病毒感染​

cling v. 紧紧抓住,依附​

是动词,意思是“紧紧抓住,依附”。文中有句:“Baby Japanese macaques immediately cling on to their mother's body after birth to build muscle strength.”这里“cling”表示小猴子出生后紧抱着妈妈,既是生理依赖也是安全感的体现。生活中也会用“cling”形容情感依赖,比如“The child clung to his mother during the thunderstorm.”衍生词“clinging”形容词,表示“依恋的”。

clinging adj. 依恋的​

attachmentn.依恋、附件​

是名词,表示“依恋、附件”。在音频里说:“The toy Punch has may be serving as an attachment figure.”说明这个玩具成了Punch情感上的依靠。我们平时也会说“attachment”指情感联结,比如“Children form strong attachments to their caregivers.”另外,“attachment”还可以指电子邮件的“附件”,比如“I sent you the report as an attachment.”

guidance n.指导、引导​

作为名词,意思是“指导、引导”。音频中的句子是:“Without maternal guidance to help him integrate…”这里指的是母亲的教导帮助Punch融入群体。生活中常用“guidance”表示教师、导师或长辈给予的帮助,比如“Students need guidance when choosing their career paths.”近义词有“direction”,但“guidance”更偏向于建议和辅导。

direction n. 方向、指引​

enclosure n.围栏、圈地​

是名词,指“围栏、圈地”。文中写道:“He has been filmed multiple times… inside the enclosure.”这里就是指猴子被圈养的区域。日常生活中,“enclosure”也可以指动物园里为保护动物而建的围栏,“The zoo’s lion enclosure is very spacious.”衍生词“enclose”是动词,表示“围住,封入”。

enclose v. 围住,封入​

dominance n. 支配地位,优势​

是名词,意思是“支配地位,优势”。句子是:“Japanese macaques have strict matrilineal hierarchies, where higher-ranking families assert dominance over lower-ranking ones.”这里强调猴群中的等级制度和权力关系。我们也用“dominance”描述竞争中的优势,比如“The company holds dominance in the smartphone market.”近义词有“supremacy”,但“dominance”更强调控制和影响力。

supremacy n. 优势,统治​

conservation n.保护,保存(尤指自然资源)​

名词,表示“保护,保存(尤指自然资源)”。音频中提到:“Carla Litchfield, a conservation psychologist…”说明她专注于保护动物和环境。这个词常用在环境保护领域,比如“Conservation efforts are crucial to save endangered species.”衍生词“conserve”是动词,意思是“保护,节约”。

conserve v. 保护,节约​

a surge of something 某物的激增、突然增加​

这个短语的意思是“某物的激增、突然增加”。在音频里出现的句子是:“In recent days, the zoo has experienced a surge of visitors hoping to catch a glimpse of Punch.” 这里的意思是最近几天,动物园的访客人数突然大幅增加,大家都想来看这只小猴子。这个短语很常用,尤其是在描述数量、情绪、事件等快速增长时。比如你可以说 “a surge of excitement” (一阵兴奋的涌现),或者 “a surge of electricity” (电流的激增)。它强调的是数量或强度的突然上升。近义短语可以用 “a sudden increase” 来替代,但 “a surge of” 更生动,有一种波涛汹涌的感觉。

a sudden increase of something 某物的突然增加​

turn to … for comfort 寻求…来获得安慰​

意思是“寻求…来获得安慰”。音频中讲到Punch小猴子因为被妈妈抛弃,转而依靠毛绒玩具来获得安全感,原句是:“Without maternal guidance to help him integrate, Punch has turned to the toy for comfort.” 这句话说明Punch在缺少母亲照顾的情况下,通过抱着玩具来找到心理上的慰藉。这个短语不仅用在人和物之间,也可以用在人和人的关系中,比如当你烦恼时,可能会“turn to a close friend for comfort”,意指向朋友倾诉以获得安慰。它表达的是一种依赖和寻求支持的状态。

highlight the impacts of 强调……的影响​

翻译成中文就是“强调……的影响”。在文中,专家谈到这个事件“highlight the impacts of habitat loss, climate change, zoo animal welfare, and the power of social media”,就是说这个故事凸显了栖息地丧失、气候变化、动物福利和社交媒体影响的重要性。这个短语常见于正式和非正式的语境中,用于指出某个事件或现象让我们更清楚地看到某种影响或问题。你也可以说 “This report highlights the impacts of pollution on health.”(这份报告强调了污染对健康的影响)。这里的“highlight”是动词,意为“突出、强调”,是很实用的表达。

highlight v. 突出,强调​

cling to something 紧紧抓住某物(字面或比喻)​

它的意思是“紧紧抓住某物”,可以是字面上的抓握,也可以是比喻意义上的依赖。音频中说:“Baby Japanese macaques immediately cling on to their mother's body after birth to build muscle strength.” 这说明小猴子出生后,会紧紧抱住妈妈,这不仅是安全感的表现,还能锻炼肌肉。这个短语还可以用来描述人们在情感上的依赖,比如 “She clung to hope despite the difficulties.”(尽管困难重重,她依然紧抓希望不放)。它表达的是一种不放手、紧紧依赖的状态。近义短语可以是 “hold on to”,但“cling to”更强调紧贴和不愿放松的感觉。

hold on to 依赖、紧紧抓住​

grip on to 抓住​


Celine Notes​

capture hearts / capture someone's heart​

  • 俘获人心;赢得某人的喜爱。

The little puppy's playful antics captured the hearts of the entire family. 这只小狗顽皮的动作俘获了全家人的心。

  • 近义表达: win over (赢得…的好感)
  • 反义表达: turn someone off (使某人厌烦)

maternal​

/məˈtɜːrnl/ adj. 慈母般的;作为母亲的;母系的

clutch​

v. 紧握,紧抓;(因害怕或痛苦)突然抓住

emerge of​

  • ……的出现(常用于描述某事物出现或显现,后接具体内容)

New evidence emerged of the ancient civilization's trading routes. 关于古文明贸易路线的新证据出现了。

  • 近义表达:appearance of(……的出现)
  • 反义表达:disappearance of(……的消失)

footage​

prompt​

prompt questions:引发疑问 / 引起关注​

The recent scandal has prompted questions about the company’s ethics. 最近的丑闻引发了人们对该公司道德问题的质疑。

  • 近义表达:arouse concerns / spark debates
  • 反义表达:dispel doubts / resolve issues

primatology​

灵长类动物学

abandonment​

inexperience​

prioritise​

reproduction​

compromise​

v. 妥协,让步;危及,损害

(be) compromised by something​

  • 因某事物而受到损害、削弱或危害。

The building's structural integrity was compromised by the earthquake. 这栋建筑的结构完整性因地震而受损。

  • 近义表达: be weakened by something (被削弱);be undermined by something (被破坏)
  • 反义表达: be strengthened by something (被加强);be protected from something (受到保护而免于…)

be serving as an attachment figure​

nurse​

matrilineal hierarchies​

/ˌmætrɪ'lɪnɪəl/ adj. 母系的

assert dominance over​

  • 对...宣示/主张支配权

The alpha wolf asserted dominance over the pack by controlling food access. 头狼通过控制食物获取来宣示对狼群的支配权。

  • 近义表达:establish authority over(对…建立权威)
  • 反义表达:submit to(屈服于)

aggression​

subordinate​

服从的,顺从的

submit to​

catch a glimpse of​

  • 瞥见……(短暂地看到)

I caught a glimpse of her as she ran past the window. 她从窗前跑过时,我匆匆瞥见了她一眼。

  • 近义表达:get a quick look at / see briefly
  • 反义表达:see clearly / stare at

prolonged​

adj. 长期的,持续很久的

cull​

v. 挑选;部分捕杀,选择性宰杀;

raid​

v. 突袭,偷袭;突击搜捕,突然搜查;抢劫,劫掠;扫荡(某处的食物)

exacerbate​

v. 使恶化,使加剧

manageable​

adj. 可管理的;可控制的;好管教的

being​

n. 生物;存在;本质,本性

macaque​

/mə'kɑk/

    1. 猕猴
    1. 地狱犬、鬼狗(在中国传统文化中指守门神兽)

The macaque guarded the gates of the underworld.(这只地狱犬守卫着地府大门。)
The temple had two macaque statues at its entrance.(这座寺庙入口处有两个守门神的猴子雕像。)

orangutan​

/ˌɔræŋ'ʊtæn/

    1. 红毛猩猩
    1. 懒猴,指行动缓慢,慢性子的人

He's such an orangutan, always taking his time with everything! (他是个懒猴子,什么事情都拖拖拉拉的!)
Don't be an orangutan and get to work on that report right away. (别做懒猴子了,马上开始写那份报告。)